Assessment of parental knowledge about risk factors for Sudden Infant Death Syndrome after neonatal hospital discharge

Objectives: sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) is a leading cause of mortality in infants under one year. Despite known preventive measures, parental knowledge is often insufficient. This study assesses parents' level of knowledge about SIDS prevention at the first newborn check-up at the health center, and analyzes whether parents' educational level influences such knowledge.

Methods: a cross-sectional observational study was conducted in the Community of Madrid including 40 parents of newborns attending their first pediatric consultation. An anonymous survey collected sociodemographic data and knowledge about SIDS preventive measures. Differences were analyzed by education level, number of children, type of hospital, and respondent gender.

Results: 97.5% correctly identified supine sleeping position. Confusion existed regarding other measures such as bed-sharing or use of anti-roll devices. Significant differences were found by education level (p = 0.008), with university-educated parents scoring higher. Mothers demonstrated better knowledge than fathers (p = 0.027). No significant differences were found by number of children or hospital type.

Conclusions: educational level significantly affects SIDS preventive knowledge. While most recognize the correct sleep position, gaps remain in other areas, underscoring the need for tailored educational interventions in primary care, particularly aimed at less educated parents.